The behavior of analog circuits can often be characterized by sweeping their inputs with a signal going across a range of frequencies and then observing the output. These sweeps can be composed of ...

In this article, we will explore AC analysis with the “.AC” directive, one of the main techniques for evaluating the frequency response of circuits. It is one of the most powerful features of SPICE ...

There came a time when high-speed electronic circuits reached speeds that required engineers to analyze the design for signal ...

Oscilloscopes are time-domain instruments, but because they digitize waveforms, oscilloscopes can process time-domain signals into the frequency domain. The FFT (Fast Fourier Transform), spectrum ...